Pointed-leaved tick-trefoil (Hylodesmum glutinosum) is a shade-loving perennial native to eastern North America, featuring trifoliate leaves and small flowers.
Hylodesmum glutinosum, commonly known as pointed-leaved tick-trefoil, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to eastern North America. This species is a member of the legume family, Fabaceae, and is recognized for its distinctive foliage and ecological role within woodland ecosystems. It is a component of the understory in deciduous forests, contributing to the biodiversity of these habitats.
The plant typically grows to a height of 2 to 4 feet, forming an upright, somewhat spreading habit. Its stems are erect and can be sparsely branched. The leaves are trifoliate, meaning each leaf is composed of three leaflets. The terminal leaflet is usually the largest and is ovate to broadly ovate in shape with a pointed tip, hence the common name. The leaflets are typically 2 to 5 inches long and 1 to 3 inches wide, with finely toothed margins. The upper surface of the leaves is typically dark green, while the undersides may be paler and sometimes exhibit a fine pubescence. A notable characteristic of Hylodesmum glutinosum is the presence of glandular hairs on its stems and leaves, which can give the plant a slightly sticky or glutinous feel, another feature reflected in its scientific and common names.
Flowering occurs from mid-summer to early autumn. The flowers are small and pea-like, typical of the Fabaceae family, and are borne in terminal or axillary racemes. They are usually pale lavender to pinkish-purple in color. Following pollination, the plant produces small, flattened seed pods, or legumes, which are characteristic of the genus. These pods are typically about 1/2 inch long and are often covered with hooked hairs, which aid in dispersal by attaching to the fur of passing animals.
Hylodesmum glutinosum is found in mesic to dry deciduous forests, woodlands, and along woodland edges. It prefers partial shade to full sun conditions and thrives in well-drained soils that are moderately fertile. Its native range extends across much of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. While not widely cultivated, it can be a valuable addition to native plant gardens, particularly those designed to mimic woodland environments. Its ecological significance lies in its role as a food source for certain insects and its contribution to the structural complexity of the forest understory. The seeds, enclosed in their bristly pods, are a food source for some small mammals and birds. The plant's adaptations, such as its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen through its root nodules, contribute to soil enrichment in its native habitat.
Prefers dappled sunlight or shady conditions. Avoid direct, intense sun, which can scorch leaves.
Watering
Regular
Keep soil consistently moist but well-drained. Water when the top inch of soil is dry.
Soil
Well-drained
Temperature
Moderate
Prefers temperatures between 15-24°C. Protect from frost and extreme heat.
Fertilizer
Low
Feed sparingly in spring and mid-summer with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer. Avoid over-fertilizing.
Plant Overview
Plant Category
Ornamental
Plant Place Type
Garden
Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Height
0.6 - 1.5 m
Spread
0.6 - 1.0 m
Growth Rate
Moderate
Dormancy
Yes
Leaf Color
Green
Leaf Type
Compound
Flower Size
Small
Optimal Sunlight Lux
1500
Image Gallery
Flowering & Fruiting Cycles
Monthly activity intensity for bloom and fruit across both hemispheres.
Northern hemisphere
Flowering & fruiting calendar
Peak bloom · AugPeak fruit · Sep
FloweringFruiting
Southern hemisphere
Flowering & fruiting calendar
Peak bloom · DecPeak fruit · Dec
FloweringFruiting
Synonyms
Desmodium acuminatum (Michx.) DC.
Desmodium erythrinifolium (Juss. ex Poir.) DC.
Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Alph.Wood
Desmodium grandiflorum DC.
Hedysarum acuminatum Michx.
Hedysarum erythrinifolium Juss. ex Poir.
Hedysarum glutinosum Muhl. ex Willd.
Meibomia acuminata (Michx.) S.F.Blake
Meibomia erythrinifolia (Juss. ex Poir.) Kuntze
Meibomia grandiflora (DC.) Kuntze
Meibomia grandiflora Schindl.
Pleurolobus grandiflorus (DC.) MacMill.
Taxonomy
kingdomPlantae
divisionTracheophyta
classMagnoliopsida
orderFabales
familyFabaceae
genusHylodesmum
speciesHylodesmum glutinosum
Toxicity
Toxic for humans
No
Rating: 0/5
Toxic for pets
No
Rating: 0/5
Additional Care Tips
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry. Reduce watering slightly during cooler months to prevent root rot, but avoid letting the soil become completely dry.
Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges. Remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches to improve air circulation and shape. Lightly trim to maintain desired size and form. This encourages robust new growth.
Best propagated by division of clumps in early spring. Carefully separate root masses with at least one bud and plant them in well-draining soil. Can also be propagated from seed sown in autumn or after a period of cold stratification.
Young plants benefit from repotting every 1-2 years in spring. Mature plants can remain in the same pot for several years. Use a well-draining potting mix. Repot only when root-bound, typically when roots are circling the pot.
FAQs
What are the light requirements for Hylodesmum glutinosum?
Hylodesmum glutinosum thrives in partial to full shade. It can tolerate some morning sun but prefers protection from harsh afternoon light.
What type of soil does pointed-leaved tick-trefoil prefer?
This plant prefers moist, well-drained soils rich in organic matter. It is often found in mesic forests.
How tall does Hylodesmum glutinosum typically grow?
Hylodesmum glutinosum usually reaches a height of 60 to 120 centimeters (2 to 4 feet).
When does Hylodesmum glutinosum bloom?
Flowering typically occurs from mid-summer to early autumn, producing small, inconspicuous flowers.
Is Hylodesmum glutinosum suitable for containers?
While it can be grown in containers, Hylodesmum glutinosum generally performs best when planted in the ground, especially in shaded, woodland settings.