Dichanthelium microcarpon, commonly known as Small-fruited Witchgrass, is a perennial grass species native to eastern North America. This species belongs to the genus Dichanthelium, which was formerly included in the genus Panicum. Small-fruited Witchgrass is a component of various grassland and open woodland ecosystems, contributing to the biodiversity of these habitats. This grass exhibits an erect to somewhat spreading growth habit, typically reaching heights of 30 to 90 centimeters. The stems are slender and can be smooth or slightly hairy. Its leaves are alternate, linear to lanceolate in shape, and measure approximately 15 to 30 centimeters in length and 5 to 10 millimeters in width. The leaf blades are often flat and can be smooth or sparsely hairy on the upper surface, with a smooth lower surface. The ligule, the membrane at the base of the leaf blade where it meets the stem, is typically a dense fringe of hairs. The inflorescence of Dichanthelium microcarpon is a panicle, which is a branched cluster of flowers. These panicles are usually open and somewhat loose, measuring about 10 to 20 centimeters long. The spikelets, the basic units of the grass flower, are small and ovate, typically measuring 2 to 3 millimeters in length. They are usually greenish or purplish in color. The flowering period generally occurs from late summer through autumn. Following flowering, the plant produces small, ovoid fruits, known as caryopses, which are enclosed within the glumes and lemmas. The seeds are minute, contributing to the common name "Small-fruited Witchgrass." Dichanthelium microcarpon is found in a range of natural habitats, including dry prairies, open woodlands, savannas, sandy fields, and disturbed areas. It prefers well-drained soils, often thriving in sandy or loamy substrates. Its native range extends across much of the eastern United States, from the Atlantic coast westward into the central plains. While not widely cultivated, its ecological role in native plant communities is significant. It provides habitat and food for various wildlife, including insects and small mammals. As a native grass, Dichanthelium microcarpon plays a role in soil stabilization and contributes to the ecological integrity of its natural environments. Its presence indicates healthy, often open, habitats. While not recognized for significant ornamental, agricultural, medicinal, or culinary uses, its importance lies in its contribution to native ecosystems. Interesting adaptations of this species include its perennial nature, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons, and its ability to reproduce both by seed and vegetatively, contributing to its resilience in its native habitats. The small size of its fruits and seeds is characteristic of many grass species adapted for wind dispersal.